Balance of payments

Balance of payments

Bachelor of Business Studies (BBS) — Third Year

Subject: Foundation of Financial Systems (MGT 226)

Unit 9: Exchange Rates, Foreign Reserve and Balance of Payment

Academic Year: 2083/84

Topic Objectives

After studying this topic, students should be able to:

• Explain the scope and key elements of balance of payments.
• Explain the financial-system relationships and interpret their roles using clearly identified institutional and reporting contexts.

Curriculum Scope

• Concept of balance of payments and balance of trade
• Structure of Nepal's balance of payments

Detailed Microsyllabus

1. External accounts

   1. Balance of trade and balance of payments.
   2. Current, capital and financial-account concepts.
   3. Resident–nonresident and period definitions.

2. Nepalese BOP structure

   1. Read the official account presentation.
   2. Interpret balances and reserve-related movements.
   3. Avoid mixing trade figures with the full BOP result.

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Curriculum reference: Tribhuvan University, Faculty of Management, revised four-year BBS curriculum, PDF pages 60–62.

Source note: The curriculum scope above is retained from the existing TU syllabus breakdown. The numbered study subtopics are editorial elaborations for teaching and study, rather than a separately issued TU syllabus. Unit or component allocations apply at their stated level; no separate topic hours or marks are assigned here. Nepalese current-status discussions should identify the reporting period and use dated official publications, such as Nepal Rastra Bank reports, rather than undated figures.